This presentation reviews the established principles and the advanced aspects of the selection and application of protective relays in the overall protection system, multifunctional numerical devices application for power distribution and industrial systems, and addresses. This presentation reviews the established principles and the advanced aspects of the selection and application of protective relays in the overall protection system, multifunctional numerical devices application for power distribution and industrial systems, and addresses. Abstract: If the economy allows, a traction substation can be built to supply power to it. If the economy does not allow, the rails of the depot are isolated from the rails of other main lines, and the grounding part is connected to the negative end of the nearest substation through cables. This guide outlines some of the principles used in modern substation automation protection systems, as well as some of the underlying theory. The increasing sophistication of protection schemes coupled with the advancement of technology and the desire for vendor interoperability has resulted in. Efficiency Conflict: Manual current and voltage ramping tests are time-consuming and struggle to simulate complex fault waveforms, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the dynamic performance of the protection devices. The Relay Protection Tester and power transformer testing equipment. critical global issues impacting urban mobility to varying degrees. Highly energy efficient, smart traction power supply products and solutions play a vital role in ducts and solutions which. Apply advanced protection and monitoring with flexible communications to two-, three-, and four-terminal transformers. Thus it provides the operating staff with a quick and reliable overview of the operating state of the system.